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Thornback ray

The most commonly encountered ray around the British Isles, it's easy to see where the thornback ray got its name from - just check out the spines on its back!

Scientific name

Raja clavata

When to see

January to December

Species information

Category

Statistics

Length: Up to 139cm
Weight: Up to 18kg
Average Lifespan: Can live for around 15 years
The thornback ray is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List

Habitats

About

Closely related to sharks, rays also have a soft cartilage skeleton. Their grossly oversized pectoral fins give them their distinct diamond shape and act a bit like underwater wings. Thornback rays are found around all British coasts and feed mainly on crustaceans though they are not above taking any fish that swims a little too close! The thornback ray likes to bury itself in the sediment during the day and come out at dusk to hunt.

How to identify

With a distinctive kite shaped body, the thornback ray can also be recognised by its blotchy brown or grey back and collection of 'thorns' on its back and tail. Some other ray species also have thorns but the thornback ray has the biggest.

Distribution

Found around all British coasts although less frequent along Eastern Scotland & England.

Did you know?

Although their jaws are small they are extremely powerful, allowing them to crush through the shells of crabs and other crustaceans with ease.